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Oil and gas value chain

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1                                   Oil and gas value chain The oil and gas value chain starts with searching for potential underground or underwater oil and gas fields and ends with providing products to end consumers. The different sections of the oil and gas value chain are: ·          Upstream ·          Midstream ·          Downstream The upstream, midstream and downstream sectors are described below. The figures below provides an overview of the Oil & Gas Value Chain. Figure 1 ‑ 1 : Oil and gas value chain Figure 1 ‑ 2 : Gas value chain Figure 1 ‑ 3 : Gas value chain 1.1                   Upstream, midstream and downstream parts of the value chain Figure 1 ‑ 4 : Upstream, midstream and downstream parts of the value chain 1.1.1                       Upstream The   oil and gas industry is usually divided into three major sectors:   upstream ,   midstream and   downstream. The upstream oil sector is also commonly known
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SOLUTIONS TO GAS TANKER EXPLOSIONS

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SOLUTIONS TO LPG GAS TANKER EXPLOSIONS 1.     LPG stations should be located away from habitable areas and should be located in open grounds and well-ventilated areas.   2.     LPG stations should be located along the main roads, which are considered safe for LPG transport, or locations, which can easily be reached from the main road without passing through populated areas. 3.     Compliance with fire safety requirements 4.       Train staff (drivers and LPG station personnel) 5.     The road tanker should be equipped with a RELIEF VALVE to control or limit the pressure in the system. All tanks should be fitted with one or more PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE. The PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE prevents explosion. Spring-loaded pressure relief valve type is preferred.      Emergency shutoff valve – prevents leakage, to prevent content spillage and explosion in critical moments. ( https://guardian.ng/news/lagos-tankers-navgas-sets-jan-1-deadline-on-safety-valve-compliance/ ) ·          ASME
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